On 6th May 2017, NCSH had the privilege to invite Miss Li Bowen, the Head of Big Data Solution of Baidu, to speak to the 26th and 27th batch of NCSH. As the forerunner of internet technologies in China as well as a search engine giant, virtually everyone who has set foot in China would have used at least one of the services offered by Baidu. On the other hand, an enormous amount of press as well as investor attention have been gravitating towards Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data. In this wonderful afternoon, Miss Li Bowen shared with us the development of the Chinese internet industry as well as the present and future of AI and big data. China’s internet history has come a long way, as Miss Li shared, since version 1.0 of the Internet that was led by internet gateways such as Sina, Sohu, etc. Back in the mid-90s, the lack of a widely-adopted search engine and highly scattered online information contributed to the rise of these internet gateways as a one stop solution for online information. Subsequently, version 2.0 of the Internet arose, flourishing on the wide adoption of smart phones in China. The high penetration rate of smart mobile platforms and its amalgamation with internet-friendly software not only freed Chinese internet users from having access only through their desktops, but also gave opportunities for internet companies to expand their services deeper into people’s everyday lives. This is the period where we see the internet being a truly inseparable part of our lives. This is also the period where we see Chinese internet companies growing from venturous startups to giants in their respective fields, such as Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent. All internet companies benefit from traffic. Most, if not all, of the internet traffic would in one way or another go through these three internet giants and their subsidiaries - Alibaba dominated the e-commerce market in China with its payment platform with Alipay, moving towards the big goal of internet finance and establishing a ubiquitous credit system through its new Ant Finance venture. Tencent held the strongest share in the internet communication and entertainment market through its super-app WeChat and gaming sectors. Baidu still remains as the single biggest player in the online search engine market. From cashless economy to O2O platforms, the pervasiveness of the internet is down to virtually every aspect of our lives. One may wonder, where else and how much further will version 3.0 of internet take us? And the answer is: Artificial Intelligence and Big Data. As a rare female computing engineer, Miss Li realised where her true interests were and challenged herself further by spearheading the AI and Big Data development in China: the Baidu Brain. The Baidu Brain is a large neural network where most types of Baidu’s data, such as location, search, image and video are stored. While most of the other large internet companies are preoccupied by the expansion of their business scope by starting new ventures and investing/acquiring new startups, Baidu stays highly focused on its core business: internet technologies. The development of the Baidu Brain, which Miss Li’s team is working on, would allow the possibilities of smart marketing, with one of the most ambitious goals in the search engine industry: natural language processing. The development of the Baidu Brain leverages heavily on the development of AI and Big Data. Miss Li shed light on this hugely popular but controversial topic in both the venture capital and technological worlds. AI has been in existence for decades, with the sole objective of making machines ‘think’ like humans by incorporating techniques such as machine learning and neural network to simulate the functions of human brains. With the massive inputs from Big Data, AI would be able to develop patterns in the seemingly meaningless ocean of data and eventually help make logical predictions and optimised business strategies that were previously impossible to make by computers. Recent developments of chat bots, Alpha Go and driverless cars are outstanding examples of what can be achieved with AI and Big Data. However, as powerful and glorified as it can be when AI and Big Data go hand in hand, one must put a leash on this formidable beast before it becomes unstoppable. There are many controversies that are inherent to AI and Big Data. One would be privacy issues with Big Data, as personal information will no longer be private if not processed and regulated properly. On top of that, AI would likely replace most repetitive jobs once it reaches maturity, and the potential rise of unemployment in certain sectors such as customer services, accounting, etc. must not be overlooked. Lastly, AI and Big Data are ultimately tools developed to improve the efficiency of human activities, but not to have a life on its own (allowed to make independent decisions). Factors that are inherent to humans such as ethics and emotions are not able to be coded into the algorithms of AI, which are ultimately what separate machines from us. As a result, despite of the overwhelming attention that AI and Big Data are receiving in terms of their capabilities, human intervention in their applications and executions must still be of paramount importance.
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SHEN
申城 (shen cheng) is an ancient name for Shanghai.
As a group of NUS and NOC students who are in Shanghai for a year-long internship programme, we have named our student organisation as SHEN (Shanghai House of Entrepreneurs). Archives
November 2017
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